Assessment of apparent losses due to meter inaccuracy – a comparative approach

The empirical method for the determination of apparent water losses, using the assessment of consumption patterns and the laboratory testing of water meters, is compared against alternative methods of comparative billing and meter change analyses for one of the largest water utilities in South Africa.

Apparent Water Losses Related to Municipal Metering in SA

Apparent losses consist of water that is delivered to consumers but look like losses to a municipality. It consists of two main components: water meter under-registration and unauthorized consumption. Meter reading and data errors may also contribute to apparent losses.

Managers Non-Revenue Water Africa Manual

This handbook serves to assist senior managers of water utilities in better understanding the definition, causes, and practical solutions to address NRW, a key performance indicator for a utility’s operations. It provides the information that managers need when discussing NRW-related issues with their staff.

A Guide to the Control of Water Losses in Pipe Networks

Water lost from a water supply distribution network can account for a considerable percentage of the total volume of water supplied. As this loss is paid for by consumers, a reduction in the amount of water lost could lead to a decrease in water tariffs, smaller pipe sizes and reduced water purification capacity and a delay in the need for increased storage.